BackgroundRisk compensation, or matching behavior to a perceived level of acceptable risk, can blunt the effectiveness of public health interventions.One area of possible risk compensation during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is antibody testing.While antibody tests are imperfect measures of immunity, results may influence risk perception and individual

Abstract Nonreciprocity is important in both optical information processing and topological photonics studies.Conventional Chandelier principles for realizing nonreciprocity rely on magnetic fields, spatiotemporal modulation, or nonlinearity.Here we propose a generic principle for generating nonreciprocity by taking advantage of energy loss, which